Kidney organoids represent a significant advancement in renal research, functioning as three-dimensional in vitro models that faithfully replicate human kidney structure and function. This comprehensive review examines current technologies for kidney organoid generation and their applications in disease research, drug screening, and personalized therapeutic evaluation. Key developments include vascularization strategies, integration with bioprinting and organ-on-chip platforms, immune microenvironment simulation, and improved long-term culture techniques. The article addresses critical translation challenges including large-scale production, data reproducibility, and regulatory considerations. Emerging convergence with precision medicine, microfluidic systems, and biosensing technologies promises substantial clinical impact. Kidney organoids are positioned to revolutionize nephrology research and accelerate the development of innovative therapeutic solutions for renal diseases.

Peritoneal dialysis represents an alternative renal replacement therapy for kidney failure patients, utilizing the peritoneum as a semi-permeable membrane to filter waste and excess fluids. This home-based treatment offers significant advantages including greater flexibility, independence in scheduling, and the ability to perform more frequent treatments, which promotes better fluid and waste management. Patients also benefit from reduced dietary restrictions and enhanced mobility for travel. However, the treatment requires dedicated daily care routines, comprehensive patient education, and close clinical monitoring to ensure safety and efficacy. Success depends heavily on patient commitment and caregiver involvement in maintaining consistent treatment protocols.

Chronic disease represents a significant public health challenge in rural America, imposing substantial burdens on both healthcare systems and residents through diminished quality of life, elevated mortality rates, and rising treatment costs. Rural communities face considerable disadvantages compared to urban counterparts, including limited resources for disease prevention and management, coupled with disproportionately higher prevalence of multiple concurrent chronic conditions that prove difficult and expensive to treat. Key conditions affecting rural populations include heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases, HIV/AIDS, arthritis, and obesity. This comprehensive guide examines chronic disease's impact on rural America and provides healthcare providers and community organizations with evidence-based strategies, implementation resources, and funding opportunities to establish effective disease management programs and improve health outcomes in underserved rural populations.

Home dialysis modalities offer significant advantages for patients seeking to maintain employment while undergoing treatment. Unlike in-center hemodialysis, which presents substantial physical and mental challenges and limited scheduling flexibility, home dialysis and peritoneal dialysis enable higher employment rates among incident dialysis patients. Current data demonstrates that full-time employment rates are notably higher for home hemodialysis patients at 14.9% compared to 8.5% for in-center dialysis patients. Healthcare providers are increasingly required to evaluate patients' employment goals and status as part of comprehensive psychosocial assessments. By facilitating access to work-compatible dialysis options, nephrologists and social workers can help patients preserve income, health benefits, and personal dignity while managing their chronic kidney disease.

This real-world cohort study, conducted in a public healthcare system in Southern Italy from 2018 to 2025, evaluates the feasibility and impact of telemedicine-supported assisted home hemodialysis for elderly and multimorbid patients. With an average age of 79 years, the study examined 146 patients to assess whether this innovative approach could expand access to home dialysis among traditionally underserved populations with complex medical needs. The research analyzed treatment retention, vascular access patterns, dialysis prescription effectiveness, and economic outcomes related to transportation. A structured telemedicine platform enabling real-time remote monitoring and audiovisual supervision was integrated in September 2023. The findings demonstrate that telemedicine-assisted home hemodialysis represents a viable alternative to conventional in-center dialysis, potentially addressing sustainability and equity challenges within publicly funded healthcare systems while accommodating functionally dependent elderly patients.

This study delves into the efficacy of the CloudCath system, designed to monitor turbidity in dialysis effluent and promptly alert users to potential peritonitis-related changes. The investigation, a single-arm, open-label, multicenter study, involved 243 participants utilizing the CloudCath system during peritoneal dialysis. System notifications were intentionally deactivated for participants and investigators who adhered to the standard of care for peritonitis signs and symptoms. The study’s effectiveness endpoints focused on assessing the time lapse between CloudCath system notifications and peritonitis events, employing the criteria established by the International Society of Peritoneal Dialysis (ISPD).

Patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing haemodialysis experience a variety of stressors leading to decreased level of quality of life (QoL). Thus, in this study, we aimed to review the current literature and identify factors affecting the health-related QoL (HRQoL) in these patients.

Dialysis serves as a substitute for the natural function of the kidneys in individuals with kidney failure. The process involves removing waste and excess fluids from the blood, and maintaining a balance of electrolytes. Top nephrologist in Haryana explains types of dialysis and the factors that are needed to look upon for deciding the type of dialysis one needs. There are following types of dialysis:

While mean platelet volume (MPV) is linked to severity and all-cause mortality in patients with sepsis, its association with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in patients treated with peritoneal dialysis (PD) remains unknown.

Several studies have demonstrated the efficacy and user acceptance of telehealth in managing patients with chronic conditions, including continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). However, the rates of telehealth service use in various patient groups have been low and have declined over time, which may affect important health outcomes. Telehealth service use in patients undergoing CAPD has been recognized as a key challenge that needs to be examined further.

Elevated SII level was independently associated with increased risks of all-cause and CVD mortalities in patients undergoing PD, especially for those younger than 65-year-old. Application of the SII in clinical practice in predicting mortality for patients undergoing PD requires further multicenter prospective studies.

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) as an AKI treatment in adults was widely accepted in critical care settings well into the 1980s. The advent of extracorporeal continuous KRT led to widespread decline in the use of PD for AKI across high-income countries. The lack of familiarity and comfort with the use of PD in critical care settings has also led to lack of use even among those receiving maintenance PD. Many critical care units reflexively convert patients receiving maintenance PD to alternative dialysis therapies at admission. Renewed interest in the use of PD for AKI therapy has emerged due to its increasing use in low- and middle-income countries.

The implementations of telemonitoring systems that reached the highest level of technological maturity correspond to studies developed with the use of proprietary devices and services of international companies specialized in telemedicine treatment of CKD with some limitations regarding their status as proprietary systems incompatible with other devices or systems. Their main limitation is that they are oriented only to treating patients in the APD modality, which limits the care of patients undergoing the CAPD modality. The level of technological maturity is highly relevant for telemonitoring systems. Therefore, this work can serve as a reference point for researchers and technologists focused on developing telemonitoring systems for patients with CKD undergoing PD. Future work will extend to analyzing the level of technological maturity of cyber–physical systems aimed at telemonitoring CKD patients undergoing PD.

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) works by using your body’s peritoneal membrane and exchanges of dialysate fluid to filter and clean your blood. You can do your exchanges manually throughout the day or by using a peritoneal dialysis machine—also called a cycler—at night. Doing PD using a machine is called continuous cycling peritoneal dialysis (CCPD) or automated peritoneal dialysis (APD).

Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who are awaiting transplant are burdened with high-cost care and spending hours in a dialysis center to maintain some functionality in their kidneys. Approval for the CloudCath System may help some patients complete dialysis at home under the watchful eye of clinicians monitoring the device remotely, and at a significantly reduced cost. The company’s first-of-its-kind at-home peritoneal dialysis (PD) system won FDA 510(k) approval and is expected to have a limited launch in 2022, followed by full commercial launch in 2023.

CloudCath, a medtech company based in San Francisco, has created the CloudCath system, a remote monitoring technology that provides clinicians with data on the spent dialysate fluid of at-home peritoneal dialysis patients. CloudCath is incorporated into the drain line of peritoneal dialysis systems, and wirelessly transmits data to the cloud, with proprietary algorithms then highlighting issues, such as infection, to clinicians.

Home telemonitoring has developed considerably over recent years in chronic diseases in order to improve communication between healthcare professionals and patients and to promote early detection of deteriorating health status. In the nephrology setting, home telemonitoring has been evaluated in home dialysis patients but data are scarce concerning chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients before and after renal replacement therapy. The eNephro study is designed to assess the cost effectiveness, clinical/biological impact, and patient perception of a home telemonitoring for CKD patients. Our purpose is to present the rationale, design and organisational aspects of this study.

The gut microbiota (GM) plays a vital role in human health, with increasing evidence linking its imbalance to chronic kidney disease and end-stage kidney disease. Although the exact methods underlying kidney-GM crosstalk are not fully understood, interventions targeting GM were made and lay in three aspects: diagnostic, predictive, and therapeutic interventions. While these interventions show promising results in reducing uremic toxins and inflammation, challenges remain in the form of patient-specific GM variability, potential side effects, and safety concerns. Our understanding of GMs role in kidney disease is still evolving, necessitating further research to elucidate the causal relationship and mechanistic interactions. Personalized interventions focusing on specific GM signatures could enhance patient outcomes. However, comprehensive clinical trials are needed to validate these approaches’ safety, efficacy, and feasibility.

Telemedicine and digitalised healthcare have recently seen exponential growth, led, in part, by increasing efforts to improve patient flexibility and autonomy, as well as drivers from financial austerity and concerns over climate change. Nephrology is no exception, and daily innovations are underway to provide digitalised alternatives to current models of healthcare provision. Wearable technology already exists commercially, and advances in nanotechnology and miniaturisation mean interest is also garnering clinically. Here, we outline the current existing wearable technology pertaining to the diagnosis and monitoring of patients with a spectrum of kidney disease, give an overview of wearable dialysis technology, and explore wearables that do not yet exist but would be of great interest. Finally, we discuss challenges and potential pitfalls with utilising wearable technology and the factors associated with successful implementation.

Scientists have developed a pacemaker for kidney patients called the bioreactor. Here is what happened when they tested the bioreactor on pigs.