Kinetic Tokens Are a Trillion Dollar Opportunity for Telcos
sebastianbarros.substack.com
Feb. 25, 2026, 2:23 p.m.
A few days ago, John Saw introduced a term that reframes how we think about AI in the physical world. He called it the kinetic token. His argument is simple but structural: If large language models are built on informational tokens that represent fragments of text, then machines that move, lift, weld, or drive must be built on atomic units of time-indexed physical state and not just symbols. Measurements are tied to position, velocity, force, energy, and identity.That shift marks the boundary between Language AI and Physical AI. In one world, tokens optimize probability distributions over words. In the other, tokens sit inside control loops where milliseconds translate into motion, and error margins translate into safety risk. When intelligence leaves the cloud and enters factories, roads, ports, and robots, the unit of computation changes. And with it, the infrastructure and monetization logic must change as well.