Spinal cord injury is followed by glial scar formation, which was long seen mainly as a physical barrier preventing axonal regeneration. Glial scar astrocytes lead to glial scar formation and produce inhibitory factors to prevent axons from growing through the scar, while inhibiting the conversion of reactive astrocytes into glial scar-forming astrocytes may represent an ideal treatment for CNS injury. Exercise is a non-invasive and effective therapeutic intervention for clinical rehabilitation of spinal cord injury. However, its precise therapeutic mechanisms still need to be continuously explored.

In September 2024, California quietly set a precedent. Lawmakers passed SB 1223, an amendment to the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) that classifies neural data as “sensitive personal information.” For the first time in U.S. law, brain-derived signals such as electroencephalography (EEG) traces, functional MRI (fMRI) scans (a type of MRI imaging that measures and maps brain activity) or brain-computer interface (BCI) activity are treated as a category apart from other forms of biodata. The move may seem technical, but it signals a new public expectation: if companies intend to touch the brain, they will be held to stricter standards of stewardship, purpose limitation, and user control.This is a threshold moment for neuroethics.

Et si un simple effort mental suffisait à faire défiler une page, envoyer un message ou contrôler un appareil ? Cette scène digne d’un film de science-fiction est désormais bien réelle. Grâce à une nouvelle interface cerveau-machine, le contrôle par la pensée devient un outil du quotidien pour certains patients.

The device (BCI) is currently undergoing clinical trials to test its initial safety and functionality in patients with mobility-limiting conditions. In the first nine months of 2024, Neuralink implanted its device in 12 patients. The trials' first participant, a man who was paralyzed after a spinal cord injury, used the implant to play video games and chess. Elon Musk stated that over 10,000 people have joined Neuralink’s patient registry in hopes of participating in future device trials.

Paradromics received Investigational Device Exemption status for the Connect-One Early Feasibility Study using its Connexus BCI. It is the first approved study to explore speech restoration with a fully implantable system. The research team wants to evaluate safety and see how well the device converts neural activity into text or a synthesized voice.

Grâce à un implant logé dans une veine cérébrale, des personnes privées de gestes retrouvent une forme d’autonomie numérique. Cette interface rend possible l’exécution d’actions numériques par la seule pensée, sans effort musculaire.

Brad Smith said his decision to hook up a webcam to the computer he controls with his mind did not make sense to people at Neuralink, Elon Musk’s brain-computer interface company.

Neuralink's transition from sci-fi concept to clinical reality marks a pivotal shift in med-tech. With patients now controlling digital interfaces via thought, the industry faces critical challenges in surgical durability, regulatory hurdles, and the competition between invasive and endovascular approaches. We analyze the engineering, financial, and ethical implications of this new era.

Flexible implantable electrodes provide unprecedented opportunities for gentle mechanical interaction with soft neural tissues to acquire stable electrophysiological signals and reduce risk of tissue inflammatory response. Most electrocorticography (ECoG) electrodes adopt polymer film or silicone as substrate, with thickness sacrifice or poor micromachining precision, respectively. Besides, the distance of recessed electrode site to cortical surface leads to signal degradation. Here, we report a 3D polyimide-based electrode array on soft microbumps (height, 327 µm), with buffering contact capability and reliable mechanical strength that alleviates the mismatch from dental cement or cranial window.

Long-term robust intracortical microelectrode (IME) neural recording quality is negatively affected by the neuroinflammatory response following microelectrode insertion. This adversely impacts brain-machine interface (BMI) performance for patients with neurological disorders or amputations. Recent studies suggest that the leakage of blood-brain barrier (BBB) and microhemorrhage caused by IME insertions contribute to increased neuroinflammation and reduced neural recording performance.

g.USBamp RESEARCH is a high-performance and high-accuracy biosignal amplifier for the acquisition and processing of physiological signals. Therefore, you can record physiological activity from the brain, eyes, heart, muscles, and more – including respiration, galvanic skin response, temperature, and many other physiological and physical parameters. Due to its sophisticated technical specifications and the large software environment, this g.USBamp RESEARCH has become a widely used standard for neuropsychological research, neurophysiologcal research, life sciences and biofeedback, neurofeedback and brain-computer interface (BCI) research.

Use the Cyton to sample electrophysiological data (EEG, EMG, ECG, EOG, and more). This data can be leveraged for a wide range of applications from neuroscience paradigms like P300, ERP, and SSVEP to quantifying emotional states, to controlling a drone.

Traditionally, noninvasive BCIs have been constrained by limitations in their usage environments; whereas, invasive BCIs damage neural permanently. Therefore, we proposed a novel interventional BCI, in which electrodes are implanted along the veins into the brain to acquire intracerebral EEG signals without an open craniotomy. We collect EEG signals from the primary motor cortex in the superior sagittal sinus of sheep during three different significant movements: laying down; standing; and walking. The first three month data are used to train the neural network, and The fourth month of data were used to validate. The deep learning model achieved an 86% accuracy rate in classifying motion states in validation.

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) serve as a bridge connecting the brain to external devices, bypassing traditional pathways such as muscles and nerves to enable direct interaction between brain signals and machines. They hold irreplaceable value in treating neurological disorders like epilepsy and Parkinson's disease, as well as in fields such as motor function rehabilitation and auditory prosthesis development. Among these, the electrocorticogram brain-computer interface (ECoG-BCI) is regarded as the "gold standard" for clinical applications due to its superior signal quality compared to scalp electroencephalography and its lower invasiveness than intracranial electrode implants. However, existing ECoG devices have long faced a dilemma: either they feature low electrode density and limited coverage, making it difficult to capture intricate neural signals; or they require extensive craniotomy, posing high surgical risks and increasing susceptibility to complications such as cerebral oedema and infection, which severely limits their widespread adoption.

Several companies are building brain implants to allow people to communicate with computers directly through their minds, benefitting those who are paralyzed, blind or otherwise have limited use of their limbs or sensory organs. In the long term, some entrepreneurs and investors think that brain implants will become everyday consumer technology, like cellphones. No such devices are approved by government regulators for long-term medical or recreational use.

Neurotechnology is advancing rapidly, from medical implants to consumer brain-computer interfaces, bringing immense promise but also unprecedented risks. Neural data is uniquely sensitive, revealing thought and emotion, making security and governance essential. A holistic, layered security and governance framework is necessary to protect trust, safeguard identity and unlock the transformative potential of neurotechnology.

Less than two years after becoming the first person to receive Neuralink’s brain-computer interface, Noland Arbaugh is living a completely transformed life. Paralyzed from the shoulders down following a 2016 swimming accident, Arbaugh underwent a two-hour robotic surgery that implanted Neuralink’s Telepathy device into his motor cortex. This has allowed him to control devices and even play video games using only his mind.

High-bandwidth brain–computer interfaces rely on invasive surgical procedures or brain-penetrating electrodes. Here we describe a cortical 1,024-channel thin-film microelectrode array and we demonstrate its minimally invasive surgical delivery that avoids craniotomy in porcine models and cadavers. We show recording and stimulation from the same electrodes to large portions of the cortical surface, and the reversibility of delivering the implants to multiple functional regions of the brain without damaging the cortical surface.

The brain-computer interface developer Precision Neuroscience has put forward a study detailing the experiences of its first human patients—showing its minimally invasive approach is capable of both collecting high-bandwidth neural data and delivering stimulation without penetrating deep into tissue. 

A new clinical study could make it possible to control Apple’s Vision Pro headset using just brain signals, without the need for risky surgery. The project, led by Santa Barbara–based startup Cognixion, combines non-invasive brain-computer interface (BCI) technology with Apple Vision Pro’s built-in accessibility features, aiming to help people with serious speech and mobility challenges communicate more naturally.